Minoans

The Minoan civilization was the first major civilization in Europe. It began on the island of Crete and was named after its legendary ruler, King Minos. It was at the height of its power from about 2000 BC.

The Minoans had a rich culture, with a highly organized society and a flourishing economy. Merchants travelled throughout the Mediterranean, trading wine, grain and olive oil from Crete for amber, ivory and precious metals.

Towns were built around huge palaces. These weren’t just royal residences; they also contained workshops, shrines and storage for goods. By 1450 BC, most of the palaces had been destroyed, probably by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, and Crete was taken over by the Mycenaeans.